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These bizarre looking creatures predate even the dinosaurs.

For 450 million years they've patrolled our oceans.

Despite being named horseshoe crabs, these living fossils aren't related to crabs at all, reveals community science manager Nivette Perez-Perez of the Delaware Center for the Inland Bays.

They've been utilised within the biomedical industry since the 1970s.

A special component within their blood, called limulus amebocyte lysate, can be used to detect bacterial endotoxins.

This is vital for testing against bacteria that contaminates medications, needles, joint replacements and also vaccines.

Its use has spiralled, reports Glenn Gauvry, president of a horseshoe crab conservation society.

An annual total of around 500,000 horseshoe crabs are harvested and bled for this vital extract.

Of these, 15 percent don't survive, which, combined with other threats they face, makes it imperative that an alternative to their blood is found.

A new synthetic compound called recombinant factor C is in development through Swiss biotech company Lonza.

However, it still has regulatory challenges to overcome.

Meanwhile, in the US, volunteers on Delware's beaches continue to monitor the horseshoe crab's breeding season.

Laurel Sullivan's an education coordinator at the Delaware Department of Natural Resources.

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